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In 1893, the frontier between Mexico and Belize was drawn up and the eastern region of the Peninsula belonged to the state of Yucatán. In 1896, military commander Othón P. Blanco founded the city of Payo Obispo (now Chetumal) on the banks of the Hondo River. Created in 1902, the territory of Quintana Roo was named in honor of Andrés Quintana Roo, hero of the Mexican struggle for Independence.
The sacred Mayan city and rebel stronghold of Chan Santa Cruz was taken by General Ignacio Bravo in 1901; he subsequently renamed it Santa Cruz de Bravo. The military campaign against the rebels drew to a close, their ranks were diminished by epidemics, famine and they were demoralized by the death of their leaders. The Caste War officially ended on July 1, 1904 but the cruzoob continued their struggle, albeit covertly.
As agricultural and forestry development began in the region, the territory of Quintana Roo was also used as a penal colony, receiving the opponents of the regime of President Porfirio Díaz until 1911. In 1910, Santa Cruz de Bravo (now Felipe Carrillo Puerto) and Vigía Chico were the most important settlements in the territory, the former as the capital and the latter as its port. Santa Cruz de Bravo was returned to the Maya in 1915 and Payo Obispo became the capital. By 1918, Francisco May, the supreme leader of the Maya held Quintana Roo in an iron grip, both politically and militarily and had a monopoly on chicle production as the middle man between Mexican and foreign concessionaires and international companies.
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© 2004 Editorial Veras. La guía Oficial del Caribe Mexicano.